Source of quakes.csv This replacement teaching CSV was exported from `datasets::quakes` in R 4.3.3 on 20.10.2026. It contains all 1,000 records and the five original columns, in their original order, with unchanged values. The R documentation attributes the dataset to the Harvard PRIM-H project, which obtained it from Dr. John Woodhouse, Department of Geophysics, Harvard University. Upstream dataset documentation: https://stat.ethz.ch/R-manual/R-devel/library/datasets/html/quakes.html The dataset is distributed with R. Upstream distribution terms: https://www.r-project.org/Licenses/ The teaching export adds four metadata lines, uses semicolons as column separators and commas as decimal separators, and omits R's row names. It is a reformatted copy for the import lesson. Reproduce it in R with: ```r metadata <- c( "# Teaching CSV exported from datasets::quakes in R 4.3.3; data values unchanged.", "# Source: Harvard PRIM-H project; Dr. John Woodhouse, Harvard University.", "# Columns: lat (degrees), long (degrees), depth (km), mag, stations.", "# Format: semicolon-separated columns, decimal comma; skip these four lines." ) con <- file("quakes.csv", open = "wt", encoding = "UTF-8") writeLines(metadata, con) write.table(datasets::quakes, file = con, sep = ";", dec = ",", row.names = FALSE) close(con) ```